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Styling HTML with CSS
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.
CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media.
CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once.
CSS can be added to HTML elements in 3 ways:
Inline - by using the style attribute in HTML elements
Internal - by using a

This is a heading

This is a paragraph.

External CSS
An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages.
With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire web site, by changing one file!
To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the section of the HTML page:
Example
 


This is a heading

This is a paragraph.

An external style sheet can be written in any text editor.
The file must not contain any HTML code, and must be saved with a .css extension.
Here is how the "styles.css" looks:
body {     background-color: powderblue; } h1 {     color: blue; } p {     color: red; }
CSS Fonts
The CSS color property defines the text color to be used.
The CSS font-family property defines the font to be used.
The CSS font-size property defines the text size to be used.
Example


This is a heading

This is a paragraph.


CSS Border
The CSS border property defines a border around an HTML element:
Example
p {     border: 1px solid powderblue; }
CSS Padding
The CSS padding property defines a padding (space) between the text and the border:
Example p {     border: 1px solid powderblue;     padding: 30px; }
CSS Margin
The CSS margin property defines a margin (space) outside the border:
Example
p {     border: 1px solid powderblue;   margin: 50px; }
The id Attribute
To define a specific style for one special element,
add an id attribute to the element:


I am different


then define a style for the element with the specific id:
Example
#p01 {     color: blue; }
Note: The id of an element should be unique within a page,
so the id selector is used to select one unique element!
The class Attribute
To define a style for a special type of elements,
add a class attribute to the element:


I am different


then define a style for the elements with the specific class:
Example
p.error {     color: red; } External References
External style sheets can be referenced with a full URL
or with a path relative to the current web page.
This example uses a full URL to link to a style sheet:
Example

This example links to a style sheet located in the html folder on the current web site:
Example

This example links to a style sheet located in the same folder as the current page:
Example

You can read more about file paths in the chapter HTML File Paths.